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What is ecology?

  1. The study of human effects on the environment

  2. The enforcement of environmental laws

  3. The promotion of renewable energy sources

  4. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment

The correct answer is: The study of interactions between organisms and their environment

Ecology is the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment. It focuses on understanding how organisms interact with each other and their physical surroundings, as well as how these interactions influence the overall health and functioning of ecosystems. Option A is incorrect because while human activity can have a significant impact on the environment, ecology encompasses much more than just human effects. Option B is incorrect because enforcement of environmental laws is just one aspect of environmental protection and does not fully encompass the study of ecology. Option C is incorrect because although promoting renewable energy sources is a part of sustainable living, it is not the definition of ecology. Therefore, option D is the most accurate and complete definition of ecology out of the given choices.